TY - JOUR
T1 - Are macroeconomic indices fool's gold?
AU - Motolese, Maurizio
AU - Nakata, H.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - This paper examines how closely aggregate macroeconomic indices such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and market price volatility indices are associated with social welfare when heterogeneous beliefs are present. While it is widely recognised that the GDP fails to capture distributional effects, volatility measures are often argued to supplement the GDP with this regard. Although heterogeneous beliefs are known to be capable of generating large economic and/or price fluctuations, it is not straightforward whether volatility is closely associated with
welfare when heterogeneous beliefs are present. By constructing a simulation model of a financial economy with production and credit constraints that allows for heterogeneous beliefs, we show that major discrepancies between aggregate measures, including volatility measures, and ex post welfare are not the exception, but the rule. Also, the paper analyses the mechanism that causes the discrepancies. Our results strongly suggest welfare be measured by observing the distribution of realised consumption across agents and over time — in particular, its lower tail. In short, macroeconomic indices may well easily become a fool’s gold.
AB - This paper examines how closely aggregate macroeconomic indices such as the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and market price volatility indices are associated with social welfare when heterogeneous beliefs are present. While it is widely recognised that the GDP fails to capture distributional effects, volatility measures are often argued to supplement the GDP with this regard. Although heterogeneous beliefs are known to be capable of generating large economic and/or price fluctuations, it is not straightforward whether volatility is closely associated with
welfare when heterogeneous beliefs are present. By constructing a simulation model of a financial economy with production and credit constraints that allows for heterogeneous beliefs, we show that major discrepancies between aggregate measures, including volatility measures, and ex post welfare are not the exception, but the rule. Also, the paper analyses the mechanism that causes the discrepancies. Our results strongly suggest welfare be measured by observing the distribution of realised consumption across agents and over time — in particular, its lower tail. In short, macroeconomic indices may well easily become a fool’s gold.
KW - Ex post welfare
KW - Heterogeneous beliefs
KW - Rational belief
KW - Social welfare
KW - Volatility
KW - Ex post welfare
KW - Heterogeneous beliefs
KW - Rational belief
KW - Social welfare
KW - Volatility
UR - https://publicatt.unicatt.it/handle/10807/260352
U2 - 10.1016/j.jebo.2023.11.007
DO - 10.1016/j.jebo.2023.11.007
M3 - Article
SN - 0167-2681
SP - 240
EP - 260
JO - Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization
JF - Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization
IS - 217
ER -